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DEFECTIVE SIGNALS

DEFECTIVE SIGNALS

Signals are considered to be defective in the following situations

1. When the signals are not controlled by the operation of lever/ button.
 2. When arm of the signal is inclined more or less.
3. When the glass of the signals are broken or cracked.
4. When signal post or the arms are broken.
5. When the signals indicate more than one aspect at one and at the same time.
6. When the signals flashes or bobs.

7. When the points of concerned signals are defective, the signals are also considered defective due to interlocking.
8. When the home signals become defective, the outer signals are also considered defective.
9. When signals show conflicting aspects
a. Warner signal is in OFF condition whereas the stop signal above it is ON.
b. Outer signal is in OFF condition whereas the Home signal is ON.
10. When on Single Line, the approach signals of one direction are OFF whereas the departure signals of the opposite direction are OFF at the same time.
11. When the wire of the signals are broken.
 12. When Signal Repeater of a Signal fails.

DUTIES OF STATION MASTER WHEN SIGNAL IS DEFECTIVE

1. The SM shall immediately arrange to place the signal at its ON position.
2. Find out the cause of defect and remedy if any.
3. At an interlocked station, all the points detected by signals are treated as non-interlocked and SM/CASM/Cabin man will be responsible to ensure that the points are correctly set, clamped and padlocked before authorizing any movement of train on them. If the person ensuring the setting, clamping, locking the points and the person issuing the authority are different, then private number shall be exchanged between them.
 4. He shall advise the SCOR and signal inspector about the defect.
5. Make an entry of the defect of the signal in the signal failure register.
6. If the RED GLASS of the signal is broken, no light shall be illuminated. But if the Other glasses are broken then light shall be illuminated and traffic shall continue considering the signals defective. 7. On being put-right the signal by S&T staff, the SM/CASM/Cabin Master/Cabin man will personally ensure that the signal is working properly and signs the reconnection memo.

DEFECTIVE APPROACH

 SIGNALS DEFECTIVE WARNER/DISTANT SIGNAL- SR 3.71-1, 2 

1. If the Warner/Distant signals become defective in their ON position, the SM shall inform the concerned signal inspector and section controller about the defect.

2. However if the Warner/Distant become defective at it OFF position and it will not be possible to turn it to its ON position the SM shall advise the SM in rear with exchange of private number.

3. If the Warner signal is placed on an independent post, he shall extinguish the fixed green light on the post.

4. Line Clear shall not be granted to any train to come to his station, unless
    a. A points man in uniform has been deputed under the signal with a danger hand signal.
    b. The green light above the post has been extinguished.

5. The SM of the station in rear shall inform the same to the LP in writing and obtain his acknowledgement.

6. The LP who has been so advised shall bring his train to a stop at the foot of the signal and proceed with the hand signal exhibited by the points man.

7. In case of defective Warner signal of a gate stop signal, the signal light shall be extinguished and the gate man shall intimate the SM, who shall advise the SM of the station in rear exchanging the private number to stop the train and issue caution order to the LP of each train to stop short of the defective signal and further act on the aspect of the gate stop signal ahead.

8. If there is no communication between the gate man and any station on either side, keeping the gate signal in ON position and for the first train, advises the LP of the circumstances after closing the gate against the road traffic. The road traffic may pass only when ensured that no train is approaching. The gateman shall exhibit danger signal from the defective permissive signal and pilot the train past the gate. The LP shall report the mater to SM of station ahead to issue caution order to all the following train till the defect is put right.

PROCEDURE FOR PASSING STOP SIGNALS AT “ON” OR DEFECTIVE CONDITIONS

1. By issuing pre-warning in T/369(1).
2. By taking OFF the calling-on signal provided under the stop signals.
3. As per the special instructions, by issuing private number on signal post telephone.
4. By issuing written authorities.
5. As per the marker provided on the signal post i.e automatic, repeater etc.
6. Place of pre-warning
    a. Caution notice station
    b. Stations in the rear.

Defective Outer signal- SR 3.69-2

 1. Whenever the Outer signal of a station is out of order, home signal shall be kept in its ON position along with the Outer.
2. The SM shall takes the following actions-

(I) When the LP is given pre-warning from the station in rear 

a. SM shall depute a points man in uniform with hand signal at the foot of the Outer signal after ensuring that the conditions for taking OFF the Outer signal are full filled.

b. The LP shall be issued T/369 (1) from the station in rear.

c. The point man shall exhibit alright hand signal to the approaching train. The LP, on seeing the alright hand signal of the points man, shall proceed cautiously pass the Outer signal at ON with a restrictive speed not exceeding 15 KMPH.

d. The train shall be received on the station by taking OFF the Home signal.

 (II)When no pre-warning is given to the LP

a. The train shall be stopped at the Outer Signal.

b. The SM after ensuring the conditions of taking OFF the Outer Signal, shall depute a points man in uniform with hand signal and the authority T/369 (3b) at the foot of the signal.

c. The Points man shall hand over the authority to the LP and pilot the train up to the Home signal.

d. The Home signal shall be taken OFF for the admission of train.

Home Signal Defective- SR 3.69-3 

(I) When Home Signal is the first stop signal of the station When the Driver is pre-warned

1. The SM on duty after ensuring that the condition for taking ‘OFF’ home signal is full filled shall depute a point man in uniform with hand signal at the foot of the home signal.

2. T/369(1) issued from rear SM.

3. LP shall proceed to the station with a speed not exceeding 15kmph after seeing the hand signal of the points man.

(II) When Driver is not pre-warned

1. The SM on duty after ensuring that the condition of taking ’OFF’ home signal is full filled shall send a points man in uniform with hand signal and authority T/369(3b) at the foot of the home signal.

 2. The train shall come to a stand at the foot of the signal

3. Point’s man shall hand over the authority to the driver and he will exhibit a green hand signal to the LP.

4. The LP shall pass home signal at ‘ON’ position cautiously after getting T/369(3b) and green hand signal from the points man and will ensure the position of points.


(III) When home signal is the second stop signal

1. No pre warning.

2. Home and outer both to be treated as defective since both are inter-locked and shall be kept at ‘ON’ position.

3. The train shall be brought to a stop at the Outer Signal.

4. After full filling the condition of taking ‘OFF’ Home and Outer signals, the SM will send a pointsman in uniform with a hand signal and authority T/369(3b) (to pass outer and home signal at ‘ON’) at the foot of outer signal.

5. When the train comes to stop at Outer Signal the pointsman will hand over the authority to the LP and exhibit green hand signal to him.

 6. LP shall proceed to the station with a speed not exceeding 15kmph while negotiating the facing points and will ensure the setting of points.

(IV) When Home Signal is the first and last stop signal of the station (‘C’ class station)- 

1. No pre warning. 2. Train shall be brought to a stand at the foot of the Home Signal.

 3. SM shall obtain line clear from the station in advance.

4. SM will issue T/369(3b) to the LP by quoting private number obtained in line clear from the station in advance at home signal.

5. Points man will hand over the authority T/369(3b) to the LP and exhibit green hand signal to the driver at home signal.

 Routing Signal Defective SR 3.69-4 

(I) When inter-locked with Home Signal

1. No pre-warning shall be given.
2. The Home and Outer shall also be treated as defective since they are interlocked with the Routing signal. All of them shall be kept ON.
3. After fulfilling the conditions of taking OFF the Routing, Home and Outer signals the SM shall depute a pointsman in uniform with hand signal and authority T/369 (3b) (to pass all these three signals) at the foot of the outer signal.
4. The pointsman will hand over the authority to the LP after the train is stopped at the Outer signal. 5. The train shall be piloted-in up to the station.

(II) When the Routing Signal is not inter-locked with the Home signal

1. The Home and Outer signals shall not be treated defective..
2. The train shall be brought to a stand at the Outer Signal.
3. After fulfilling the conditions for taking OFF the Routing Signal, the SM will send a pointsman in uniform with hand signal and authority T/369(3b) to pass the defective Routing Signal at ON at the foot of the Routing Signal.
4. Outer and Home signal shall be taken OFF only after the train is stopped at the Outer Signal.
5. T/369(3b) will be handed over to the LP at the foot of the Routing signal. After stopping at the signal the LP will check the authority and line mentioned in it. 6. The train shall be piloted up the station.

DEFECTIVE DEPARTURE SIGNALS GR 3.70 Starter Signal Defective SR 3.70-1

1. No pre-warning shall be given for the defective departure signals.
2. The trains shall be brought to a stop at the station.
3. If Calling-on signal is provided below the starter signal, the starter shall be passed by taking OFF the calling-on signal. Otherwise after the conditions for taking OFF the starter signal is fulfilled, T/369(3b) shall be issued to the LP to pass the starter at ON.
4. The LP shall proceed only when he is handed over the authority T/369(3b) and alright hand signal is exhibited by the pointsman.
5. If the starter signal is the Last Stop Signal of the station, the SM shall first obtain Line Clear from the station in advance and quote the private number on the authority clearly stating that “Line Clear has been obtained from the station in advance”.
 6. Before issuing the authority to the LP, the SM shall personally ensure that the concerned points are correctly set and locked. If it is the responsibility of the CASM/Cabin man/Cabin Master to set and lock the points, the SM shall exchange private number with them to ensure himself.

 Advance Starter Signal Defective SR 3.70-2 

1. The trains shall be brought to a stop at the station.
2. The SM shall obtain Line Clear from the station in advance.
3. If there are points on the line, the SM/ASM/Switch Man shall ensure himself that all the concerned points are correctly set and locked. Authority shall be issued clearly mentioning the speed of the train not exceed 15 KMPH while negotiating over the points.
4. T/369(3b) in case of double line or paper line clear tickets T/C 1425 UP or T/D 1425 DN in case of single line provided with token less block instrument shall be issued to the LP as authority to proceed on which the private number received on getting line clear from the station in advance is written.
5. The Starter signal shall be taken OFF.

Note- if the Starter Signal is inter-locked with the Advance Starter Signal, the Starter Signal cannot be taken OFF when the Advance Starter signal is defective. The SM shall stop all the trains at his station and obtain Line Clear from the station in advance. All the points on the route shall correctly be set and locked. T/369(3b) shall be issued to pass Starter and Advance Starter at ON and the private number received from the station in advance on getting line clear will be written on it. The pointsman shall hand over the authority to the LP and exhibit alright green hand signal at the foot of the Starter Signal.

Defective Advance Starter Signal beyond which IBS is provided in working condition SR 3.70- 2(b) 

1. The SM shall stop all the trains at his station.

2. Line Clear shall be obtained with the help of track circuit/axle counter and authorize the LP to proceed up to the IBS.

3. T/369(3b) shall be issued to the Loco Pilot to pass the Advance Starter Signal at ON. SM shall write his own private number on it and also put a remark that “you are authorized to proceed up to the IBS and then follow the aspect of IBS for further movement”.

If both Advance Starter and IBS are defective

1. The IBS shall be out of use and both the sections shall be treated as one section.

2. The trains will be stopped at the station.

3. The SM shall obtain Line Clear from the station in advance.

4. One T/369(3b) shall be issued to the LP to pass both Advance Starter and IBS at ON which shall contain the private number received from the station in advance on getting line clear. The remark “Line Clear has been obtained from the station in advance” will be written on it.

Defective Gate Stop Signal GR 3.73 & SR 16.06-1 

1. The gate stop signal shall be kept at its ON position.

2. If the LP finds the gate stop signal with G marker at ON he shall sound a long whistle and bring his train to a stop before the signal.

3. If after waiting for 1 minute by day and 2 minutes by night , the signal is not taken OFF, he should proceed ahead with his train cautiously and stop again a short of the level crossing.

4. The gate man after closing and locking the gate against the road traffic, shall exhibited all right hand signal to the train for passing the level crossing.

5. In the absence of gateman or if no signal is given by the gate man, he shall stop his train before the LC gate and the ALP/Guard shall close the gate against the road traffic and pilot the LP to pass the gate. Again the train shall stop passing the gate and the ALP/Guard shall open the gate for road traffic and proceed.

6. If the gate stop signal without G marker is defective, it shall be kept ON. The LP finding the gate stop signal without G marker at ON shall bring his train to a stop in rear of the signal and shall sound a long whistle to attract the attention of the gateman.

7. The gateman after closing and locking the gate against the road traffic shall go to the signal post and report the LP about the defective signal. He shall then pilot the train past the gate.

 8. In respect of the Gate stop signal referred above, the LP of the first train shall stop his train at the next station and report about the defective signal to the SM on duty who will then advise the station at the other end. The SM of the station immediately in rear shall stop all the trains and issue caution order.

 Rules for passing Automatic Stop Signal at “ON” GR 9.02 

1. If the LP find an automatic stop signal or a semi-automatic stop signal with illuminated A marker at ON, he will bring his train near to stop signal.
2. He shall wait 1 minute by day and 2 minutes by night for the signal to be taken OFF. If during such period the signal is not taken OFF, he shall sound a long whistle to attract the attention of the Guard. He shall proceed cautiously with his train after exchanging hand signal with the Guard.
3. While passing any automatic stop signal at ON, the speed shall not exceed 15 KMPH when the visibility is clear and 8 KMPH when the visibility is not clear upto next stop signal. During this period the LP shall be vigilant and ready to stop his train before any obstruction.
4. While passing the automatic stop signal at ON, the LP shall ensure himself that at no circumstances the distance between his engine and the train running ahead/any obstruction will be less than 150 meters or 2 OHE. In the case of EMU this distance should not be less than 75 meters or
1 OHE.

 Semi-Automatic Stop Signal Defective- SR 9.02-1,2,3.

 1. If the A marker is illuminated, the LP shall pass at its ON position like an automatic stop signal.
2. If the A marker is not illuminated, the LP, considering it to be manually operated, shall not pass it at ON until an authority is issued.

Gate Stop Signal defective in Automatic Section-

 (I) A marker and G board Gate Stop signal defective

1. This Gate Stop signal is provided with G marker on a yellow circular board and an A marker.
2. If the A marker is illuminated it means the gate is closed and locked against the road traffic and the LP shall proceed with his train as per the rules applying to the Automatic Stop signal.
3. When the A marker is extinguished, the LP shall wait for 1 minute by day and 2 minutes by night for the signal to be taken OFF. During this period if the signal is not taken OFF the LP shall pass the signal at ON position and proceed cautiously up to the gate. If alright signal is exhibited by the gateman he shall proceed and pass the gate. If signal is not exhibited by the gateman the LP shall ensure himself of closing and locking of the gate and then proceed.


(II) A marker and AG marker Gate Stop Signal defective SR 9.15-2 

A Gate Stop signal with white A/AG marker on black back ground will be provided in an automatic section when it protects the gate as well as the points ahead it. The LP will pass this signal at ON as follows

1. If the A marker is illuminated, the LP shall pass it as the rules applying to the automatic stop signal.

2. If the AG marker is illuminated, the LP shall wail for 1 minute by day and 2 minutes by night for the signal to be taken OFF. If even then the signal is not taken OFF the LP shall proceed cautiously and pass the gate if alright signal is exhibited by the gateman. If not so the LP shall ensure him of closing and locking of the gate and then proceed.

Calling-on Signal Defective

1. Whenever the calling-on signal is defective, its operation will be stopped.

2. It shows no indication at ON so, no authority shall be issued for it when it is defective.

Shunt Signal Defective

1. If a shunt signal is defective, no separate authority shall be issued to pass it at ON.

2. The description to pass it at ON shall be mentioned on T/806 and green hand signal shall be exhibited by the pointsman at the foot of the signal.

Co-acting Signal Defective

1. If a co-acting signal is defective, both main signal and co-acting signal itself will be treated defective.

2. Single authority shall be issued to pass both of them at ON.

Repeating Signal Defective

1. Whenever he repeating signal is defective, the main signal will not be treated defective as in the case of Co-acting signal.

2. The signal shall be kept ON and no authority shall be issued for it as the LP can pass the signal at ON.

IBS Signal Defective GR 3.75 SR 3.75-1 

If the LP finds the IBS at ON position, he shall stop his train at the foot of the IBS and shall blow a long whistle (_____) to attract the attention of the guard. He shall try to communicate with the SM in rear with the TALK BACK TELEPHONE immediately.

If the telephone is working— On reception of the message, if the SM finds the IBS defective, he shall quote the Private No received from the SM in advance in leu of line clear, to the LP. The LP shall note the PV No. on his memo book and shall sound a 0-----0 whistle to attract the attention of the guard, exchange hand signal with guard and shall proceed to the next station with normal speed. If the telephone is not Working— In such case the LP shall wait for 5 minutes for the signal to be taken off. If the signal is not taken off subsequently blow a long whistle, exchange hand signal with guard and start his train. He shall proceed with a speed restriction of 15 KMPH when the visibility is clear and with 08 KMPH when the visibility is not clear. He shall remain alert to stop his train before any obstruction. He shall inform the situation to the SM in advance with a written memo.

1. In such case, the entire Block section shall be treated as One Block section and no train shall be allowed to proceed up to the IBS unless Line clear has been obtained from the Block station in advance.
2. In case of IBS becomes defective the IBS shall be deemed to be closed and the entire block section will be treated as one block section. In this case SM in rear shall issue T/369(3b) to pass IBS at On to the LP.
3. If the IBS becomes defective after the train has left the station in rear of IBS, the LP shall stop the train in rear of IBS and contact the SM in rear on the IBP telephone, if provided.
4. The SM in rear, on being contacted on telephone by the LP, shall then obtain Line clear for the train from the Block station in advance, authorize the LP on the telephone, to pas the IBS at ‘On’ and also relay the Pvt. No.
5. If the telephone is not provided or out of order, the LP after waiting for 05 minutes at the IBS, shall pass the IBS at ‘On’ with a speed not exceeding 15 KMPH when visibility is clear and 08 KMPH if view is not clear at slow speed.
 6. The LP will proceed cautiously up to the FSS of the station in advance, if it is in ‘Off’ position and intimate the matter to the SM through a written memo and get acknowledgement.
7. The SM of the advanced station shall verify the Pvt. No. from the TSR and keep the memo, if any pasted in the SM’s Diary.
8. If the Pvt. No. does not tally or no Pvt. No. has been given by the SM of rear station, the SM of the advanced station shall issue ‘All concerned message’ on the strength of the LP’s memo.
9. For subsequent train, the SM in rear shall issue T/369(3b) to pass the IBS at ‘ON’ until Inreport of the last preceding has been received from the station in advance under exchange of Pvt. No.
10. The SM in rear controlling the IBS shall not dispatch the 3rd train till In-report of the 1st train has been received from the station in advance.

Absence of a Fixed Signal or a Signal Without a light GR 3.74 SR 3.74-1

 1.
(i) If there is no fixed signal at a place where a fixed signal is ordinarily shown, or
(ii) If the light of a signal is not lighting when it should, or
(iii) If a white light is shown in place of a color light, or
(iv) If the aspect of a signal is misleading or imperfectly shown, or
(v) If more than one aspect is displayed, the driver shall act as if the signal was showing its most restrictive aspect. Provided that during night, if in the case of semaphore stop signal for approaching trains only, the LP finds the signal light extinguished he shall bring his train to a stop at such signal. If he finds that the day aspect of such signal is clearly visible and is satisfied that the signal is in the OFF position, he shall proceed past up to the station cautiously at a restricted speed obeying all intermediate stop signals. If any, relating to him, and report the matter to the SM for necessary action.

2) A station equipped with color light signal provided with a P marker, the LP shall bring his train to a stand if it does not show any light or shows as imperfect aspect and having satisfied himself that the signal is provided with P marker, shall proceed preparing to stop at the next stop signal and shall be guided further by its aspect. SR 3.74-1

The repeating signal which is distinguished by letter R can be passed cautiously even when the signal arm or light is imperfectly shown or the signal light is extinguished. The LP shall act further on the aspect of the signal ahead.

 Failure of Signal Lights in MACLS system SR 3.68-4 

1) At stations provided with color light signal where lights cannot be kept illuminated due to power failure including failure of standby arrangements, the SM must inform the SM on either side and section controller immediately who shall inform the Sr. DEE/DEE and Sr. DSTE/DSTE concerned.

2) Before dispatching a train to such a station, SM of the station in rear shall issue caution order T/409 to the LP advising him of the absence of any light on the signal and therefore keeping good vigil and to stop at the foot of the first stop signal of the station where the signal lights are out.

 3) Issued Authority to pass defective signal T/369(3b) for approaching stop signal and departure signals separately to the LP by the SM of the station where the failure has occurred, at the foot of the first stop signal and starter signal.

4) In this situation the SM in rear shall not be issued T/369 (1) to LP.

5) As soon as the electric supply is resumed and signal is lit again, the advice as indicated above shall be cancelled and the LP of the train shall be guided the aspect of the signal.
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